Question
I had a student ask the question:
How can I disable HTTP Options/Delete/Put methods? At the application level it should support only GET and POST requests. Other request methods like put/delete need to be blocked. I am using Spring Boot, Spring MVC and Rest services.
Answer
One possible solution is to make use of Spring Interceptors. Spring Interceptors can intercept HTTP requests for an application and perform pre-processing and post-processing.
For this solution, we will create an interceptor that will pre-process the HTTP requests. If the request does not match our approved HTTP methods then we will reject the requests. In this case, we will only approve HTTP GET and POST requests.
Development Process
Here’s the development process
1. Create a sample REST API
2. Develop a Spring Interceptor
3. Configure the Spring Interceptor for URL mappings
Source Code
All of the solution source code is available for download:
spring-rest-api-block-http-methods.zip
Development
Let’s walk through the development process.
1. Create a sample REST API
For this example, I’ll create a simple REST API
- GET: /api/demo
- POST: /api/demo
- PUT: /api/demo
- DELETE: /api/demo
- PATCH: /api/demo
We want to create code that will only allow GET and POST requests to the /api/demo endpoint.
Let’s start by creating a simple REST API. You can use the Spring Initializr website to create a Spring Boot application. For the dependency, be sure to select Spring Web.
Once you have Spring Boot application generated and imported into your IDE, then you can start creating a simple REST API.
Here is the code for our REST API: /api/demo
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package com.example.demoapi.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; @RestController @RequestMapping("/api/demo") public class DemoController { @GetMapping public String doGet(HttpServletRequest request) { return "in request: " + request.getMethod(); } @PostMapping public String doPost(HttpServletRequest request) { return "in request: " + request.getMethod(); } @PutMapping public String doPut(HttpServletRequest request) { return "in request: " + request.getMethod(); } @DeleteMapping public String doDelete(HttpServletRequest request) { return "in request: " + request.getMethod(); } @PatchMapping public String doPatch(HttpServletRequest request) { return "in request: " + request.getMethod(); } } |
This code simply create a REST endpoint for /api/demo. It supports the HTTP methods: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH and OPTIONS. The methods simply return the HTTP method that is begin processed.
2. Develop a Spring Interceptor
In this section, let’s create an interceptor that will pre-process the HTTP requests. If the request does not match our approved HTTP methods then we will reject the requests. In this case, we will only approve HTTP GET and POST requests.
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package com.example.demoapi.interceptor; import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class DemoInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { String theMethod = request.getMethod(); if (HttpMethod.GET.matches(theMethod) || HttpMethod.POST.matches(theMethod)) { // GET, POST methods are allowed return true; } else { // everything else is not allowed response.sendError(HttpStatus.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.value()); return false; } } } |
As you can see, the code checks the method being processed. If the HTTP method is GET or POST then it returns true. This tells the Spring framework that this interceptor has passed successfully and the request can continue processing.
If the HTTP method is not GET or POST then the interceptor send a a response error code: 405 – Method Not Allowed. The method also returns false which tells the Spring framework to that this interceptor did not pass and the the request should not continue processing further to the API.
3. Configure the Spring Interceptor for URL Mappings
The final step in development is to configure the Spring Interceptor for given URL mappings. Here’s the code:
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package com.example.demoapi.config; import com.example.demoapi.interceptor.DemoInterceptor; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; @Configuration public class DemoConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { registry.addInterceptor(new DemoInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/api/demo*/**"); } } |
This code adds the interceptor to the registry of interceptors. The interceptor is mapped to the path pattern: /api/demo*/**. This will match on any requests for api/demo and also sub-directories. This syntax makes use of wildcards with the Ant patch matcher syntax.
If you want to apply to the entire application, you can use /*.
Unit Testing
Now that the code is created, let’s test it with Spring Boot Unit testing. This collection of tests with access the end point using different HTTP request methods.
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package com.example.demoapi; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers; @SpringBootTest @AutoConfigureMockMvc class DemoapiApplicationTests { @Test public void getRequestShouldReturn_ok_200(@Autowired MockMvc mockMvc) throws Exception { mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/api/demo")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()); } @Test public void postRequestShouldReturn_ok_200(@Autowired MockMvc mockMvc) throws Exception { mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/api/demo") .content("{\"name\": \"demo\"}")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()); } @Test public void putRequestShouldReturn_notallowed_405(@Autowired MockMvc mockMvc) throws Exception { mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.put("/api/demo/1") .content("{\"name\": \"demo\"}")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isMethodNotAllowed()); } @Test public void deleteRequestShouldReturn_notallowed_405(@Autowired MockMvc mockMvc) throws Exception { mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.delete("/api/demo/1") .content("{\"name\": \"demo\"}")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isMethodNotAllowed()); } @Test public void patchRequestShouldReturn_notallowed_405(@Autowired MockMvc mockMvc) throws Exception { mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.patch("/api/demo/1") .content("{\"name\": \"demo\"}")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isMethodNotAllowed()); } @Test public void optionsRequestShouldReturn_notallowed_405(@Autowired MockMvc mockMvc) throws Exception { mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.options("/api/demo")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isMethodNotAllowed()); } } |
For the HTTP methods GET and POST, the application should work successfully and return status code of 200 – Ok.
For the HTTP methods: PUT, DELETE, PATCH and OPTIONS, the application should return 405 – Not Allowed.
You can run the unit test with the following command:
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mvn clean test |
After running the tests, you should see these test results:
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... ... [INFO] Tests run: 6, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 ... ... [INFO] [INFO] Results: [INFO] [INFO] Tests run: 6, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS |
Run The Application
Now, you can run the application with the command:
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mvn spring-boot:run |
Test with curl
Now that the application is up and running you can test the application with any REST client testing tool such as Postman etc. In this example, I’ll make use of the curl utility.
Testing GET requests
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curl http://localhost:8080/api/demo |
The GET request will return successfully.
Testing POST requests
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curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/api/demo |
The POST request will return successfully.
Testing PUT, DELETE, PATCH and OPTIONS request
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curl -X DELETE http://localhost:8080/api/demo curl -X PUT http://localhost:8080/api/demo curl -X PATCH http://localhost:8080/api/demo curl -X OPTIONS http://localhost:8080/api/demo |
These methods will each return error code 405 – Method Not Allowed.
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{ "timestamp": "2020-01-06T20:12:26.747+0000", "status": 405, "error": "Method Not Allowed", "message": "No message available", "path": "/api/demo" } |
Summary
In this solution, we made use of a Spring Interceptorto pre-process the HTTP requests. If the request did not match our approved HTTP methods then werejected the request. In our case, we only approved HTTP GET and POST requests.
This is just a basic solution. However, if you have more advanced requirements such as access control, rate limiting, security, analytics, etc … then I would recommend an API management tools. API management tools can help you with this functionality. These tools provide this functionality out of the box and minimizes the amount of custom code you have to develop. To help you get started, you can use 3Scale. 3Scale is an open-source API Management tool.
Source code
Just a reminder, the source code is available for download: spring-rest-api-block-http-methods.zip
